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Hassan na Hocine bashobora kutavuga Icyongereza, ariko impanga zo muri Alijeriya zimyaka 26 zizi neza gahunda za Priti Patel zigamije ibihumbi n’abimukira nkabo bashaka kwambuka Umuyoboro mu Bwongereza bava mu nkambi yabo mu Bufaransa.

Abavandimwe barambwiye bati: “ ntiruzaduhagarika, turashaka kuza [mu Bwongereza] uko byagenda kose.” ibyumweru bitandatu. Bavuga ku nkuru y’amakuru yagiye ikurikirana telefoni zigendanwa kuva muri Mata hagati: ko guverinoma y’Ubwongereza iteganya gutwara abimukira ba Channel ibirometero 4000 uvuye mu Bwongereza bakajya mu Rwanda, mu rwego rwa Ositaraliya mu rwego rwo guhagarika kwambuka bitemewe.

kwambuka mu BwongerezaMu kwezi gushize, miliyoni 120 zama pound yagiranye na guverinoma ya Kigali yiswe “ubugome”, “ubumuntu” n “” amakosa kuri buri rwego “n’abakangurambaga bazana ibibazo by’amategeko ku mpamvu z’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ariko umunyamabanga w’imbere na Minisitiri w’intebe bakomeje gushikama kuri gahunda yabo. . N’ubwo byatinze kandi binengwa ko iyi politiki izatwara kimwe n’abimukira mu Bwongereza, Johnson yavuze ko yifuza ko indege ya mbere yari itwaye abasaba ubuhungiro yerekeza muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba ihaguruka mu mpera z’ukwezi kandi ibiro by’imbere mu gihugu bikaba byatangiye kubwira abasaba ubuhunzi. iterabwoba mu Rwanda mu cyumweru gishize mu rwego rwo gutangiza gahunda.

Hassan na Hocine bemera ko ubuzima bwaba bugoye mu Rwanda kuruta ubuzima bwabo bwa kera ibirometero 2.800 muri Alijeriya, ariko bakavuga ko batazabuzwa amahwemo. Ubuzima mu gihugu cyabo “bwari bugoye” kandi bahanganye no kubona akazi mumirimo y’amaboko cyangwa ubuhinzi nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yububaji. Amezi abiri ashize, bafashe icyemezo: bazasiga umuryango wabo bashakisha ubuzima bwiza muburayi – byumwihariko: mubwongereza, aho inshuti zabo nyinshi zo muri Alijeriya zimaze guhungira no gushinga ubuzima bushya.

Abavandimwe barambwira bati: “Ntabwo dufite ubwoba bwo kwambuka mu bwato”, twizeye ko tuzajya mu Bwongereza umunsi uwo ari wo wose bitewe n’ikirere gituje gitera kuzamuka kwambuka. Muri Gicurasi honyine abimukira barenga 1.000 bageze mu Bwongereza n’ubwato, nubwo abantu barenga 150 bahasize ubuzima bituma bambuka ibirometero 21 mu myaka itanu ishize, harimo byibuze 27 mu cyumweru kimwe mu Gushyingo umwaka ushize ubwo ubwato bwarohamye. igihombo kinini cyubuzima muri Channel kuva amakuru yatangira gukusanywa muri 2014.

Hassan na Hocine bavuga ko bazi ingaruka, ariko “ubwato buruta ibinyabiziga. Imodoka zitwara abagenzi zirashobora guhagarikwa n’abapolisi bakadutwara muri gereza … Turashaka ikintu kimwe gusa: kugenda no kujyanwa mu Bwongereza. ”

refugeesImpanga za Alijeriya Hocine (ibumoso) na Hassan (iburyo)

Impamvu za Hassan na Hocine zo gushaka ubuhungiro mu Bwongereza zishobora kuba nke cyane ugereranije n’abahunga akaga k’umubiri mu bihugu nka Sudani na Eritereya, ariko icyemezo cyabo cyo kwambuka Umuyoboro nubwo bitoroshye ni kimwe mu bantu bagera ku 2000 bimukira mu nkambi muri majyaruguru y’Ubufaransa. Abimukira bagera ku 8000 bamaze kwambuka Umuyoboro kugeza uyu mwaka – inshuro eshatu umubare w’iki gihe cyashize ndetse ninshuro esheshatu zo muri 2020 – kandi ibiro by’ibiro by’imbere mu gihugu bivuga ko abimukira barenga 65.000 bazambuka umuyoboro berekeza mu Bwongereza muri 2022 – inshuro zirenga ebyiri 28.500 zambutse umwaka ushize, zikubye inshuro eshatu nigice umubare wimpunzi zabana zitaraherekeza zambuka ugereranije numwaka ushize.

kwambuka mu BwongerezaKurohama kwimuka kwimuka bimaze iminsi byibasiye abategetsi kumuyoboro. Nibura 39 bapfuye bagerageza umwaka ushize wenyine kandi iperereza ryakozwe mucyumweru gishize ryerekanye amakuru mashya yubuhanga bwa “gukata no gutereta” bwakoreshejwe mu gutwara abimukira hakurya y’Umuyoboro, harimo uduce duto duto twafatanyirijwe hamwe inzira ndende hamwe na kaseti y’ubuzima byuzuye ifuro. byihuse bihinduka amazi. Umuyobozi w’iterabwoba rwihishwa Carol Heginbottom yagize ati: “Barimo bambara neza kandi boherezwa ku rupfu rwabo.”

Ariko itangazo ry’u Rwanda rya Patel ryasubije ibibazo bimaze imyaka bisubirwamo, nyuma y’iminsi 11 ihagarara mu kwambuka byibajije niba politiki ikora. Kuva icyo gihe, ibibazo bishya bibazwa ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire n’imikorere ya politiki: gushyira abimukira mu ndege imwe ni ikintu cyiza cyo gukora, niba kidashobora no kuzigama abasoreshwa bo mu Bwongereza amafaranga? Icyifuzo kizagabanya kwambuka – cyangwa gushishikariza abimukira gufata inzira ziteje akaga? Kandi ni ukubera iki guha ikaze impunzi za Ukraine muri iki gihugu, mugihe benshi mubari muri Calais nabo basanze bahunze amarorerwa yintambara?

Kubantu banegura Patel muri Westminster, gahunda yu Rwanda iheruka ni iyanyuma mu ruhererekane rw’imitwe y’igihe gito aho kuba “bikomeye” ibisubizo birebire byo gukemura ibibazo byambuka ubwato. refugeesMuri iki cyumweru, umunyamabanga wa Leta mu gicucu, Yvette Cooper, yatangarije nimugoroba ati: “Gahunda ye i Rwanda iheruka ntigikorwa, ihenze bidasanzwe kandi ishobora guteza abantu gucuruza no kwinjiza magendu aho kuyigabanya.”

Ati: “Yasezeranyije ko hashize imyaka ibiri azagabanya kabiri kwambuka mu gihe cy’amezi atatu ariko kuva icyo gihe umubare w’ubwato bwikubye inshuro icumi, hamwe n’udutsiko tw’abagizi ba nabi bunguka gushyira ubuzima bw’abantu mu kaga. Biragaragara ko hari icyizere gike ku buyobozi bwe ku buryo haba igipolisi cy’Umuyoboro ndetse na gahunda ya Homes for Ukraine cyahawe abandi bakozi ba Guverinoma. Umunyamabanga w’imbere mu gihugu akeneye kubona igisubizo hanyuma agatangira gukora ibisubizo bikomeye. ”

kwambuka mu BwongerezaKurundi ruhande rwa Umuyoboro, abakorerabushake benshi muri Calais bavuga ko bahisemo kutitabira ibiganiro – amakuru arahinduka buri munsi kandi ntibashaka guha abimukira amakuru atariyo. Politiki izatwara ibyumweru cyangwa amezi kugirango yinjire? Ese koko abimukira “ibihumbi icumi” bazoherezwa mu Rwanda, cyangwa 300 gusa mu mwaka nkuko byatangajwe ukurikije Model yo mu rugo? Kandi bose bazacumbikirwa he, niba ibyiringiro Hotel – icumbi muri Kigali bazacumbikamo – baryama 200 gusa?

Abimukira 8000 bamaze kwambuka Umuyoboro uyumwaka – inshuro eshatu imibare muriki gihe cyumwaka ushize

Mu mezi atatu ashize, Lucy Halliday, ufite imyaka 25, yitangiye ibikorwa by’ubutabazi Care4Calais mu Bufaransa agira ati: “Mfite impungenge zo kubaha ibyiringiro bitari byo.” David *, umukorerabushake ukomoka i Londres wafashaga kugaburira ibiryo abimukira kuva muri Gashyantare, agira ati: “Hariho byinshi bidashidikanywaho – sinzi neza ko Priti Patel azi ibizaba.”

Ariko benshi bavuga ko gukomeza kutabogama bigenda bigorana kuko kwiyongera kwamakuru atari yo bituma yinjira mu nkambi. Abanyamakuru ba Undercover basanze magendu yirata ko kwambuka Umuyoboro “bifite umutekano 100 ku ijana” kandi ko gahunda yu Rwanda ari “ibiganiro byose” ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nka TikTok, aho wasangaga udutsiko tw’abagizi ba nabi twamamaza ahantu mu bwato kugeza kuri byinshi. £ 5.500 umutwe ukoresheje references yijisho rya Londres hamwe numwamikazi.

None ubwo gahunda yu Rwanda izatangira gukurikizwa ryari kandi mubyukuri izagira ingaruka kubibazo bya Channel byiyongera? Benshi bizera ko hakiri kare kubivuga. Christopher Tilley, umuyobozi mukuru muri Clandestine Channel Threat Command (CCTC), yatangaje ko adategereje ingaruka zikomeye, ariko umuyobozi wungirije wa CCTC, Heginbottom avuga ko hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko abimukira “bitondera” gahunda.

RWANDAReba icumbi muri Nyabugogo

Imibare irimo umudepite w’ishyaka ry’aba conservateur, Andrew Bridgen, yabanje guhamagara ihagarara ry’iminsi 11 mu kwambuka ibimenyetso bigaragara byerekana ko iterabwoba ry’u Rwanda “ryakoraga”, ariko abandi barimo Nigel Farage wahoze ayobora ishyaka rya Brexit, bahise berekana ko bishoboka cyane ko bamanuka. umuyaga mwinshi hamwe nikirere cyinyanja. Mu kwezi gushize, umukozi w’ingabo z’umupaka yagize ati: “Umuntu wese uzi ibijyanye no kwambuka Umuyoboro azi ko ari ibijyanye n’ikirere, atari u Rwanda.”

Kwambuka nimero mubyumweru bibiri bishize byerekana ko Farage yari afite ukuri. Kuva abimukira barenga 1.000 bakoze urugendo kuva icyo kiruhuko cyiminsi 11, harimo abantu 293 kuruhuka rwa banki kuwa mbere mugihe ibintu byari bituje kandi byiza – kandi kubazwa nabimukira byerekana ko benshi batarakumirwa na politiki. Igihe abakorerabushake bo muri Care4Calais bakoze ubushakashatsi ku bimukira mu nkambi mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi, 87 ku ijana bavuze ko bumvise gahunda ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, nyamara – binyuranye n’ibivugwa na guverinoma – 75% muri bo bavuze ko bitazababuza kuza mu Ubwongereza.

Mohummad Ibrham, ufite imyaka 24, akaba amaze kugerageza kugera mu Bwongereza avuye muri Calais inshuro 200, ndetse agira ati: “Njyewe ndwanya icyemezo kivuga ngo tujye mu Rwanda … [ariko] ntituzagaruka.” kumena ukuguru mugihe kimwe. Halliday agira ati: “Benshi [abimukira navuganye] biyemeje kugerageza no kwambuka.

RWANDAUmunyamabanga w’Ubwongereza Priti Patel (L), na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga w’ububanyi n’amahanga n’Ubutwererane Vincent Biruta

Halliday na bagenzi be bitangiye gukora bavuga ko hakiri kare kuvuga niba politiki izagira ingaruka ku kwambuka imibare, ariko rwose byongereye ubwoba. Basobanura ikirere hagati y’abimukira nk’imwe mu guhangayika no kwitiranya ibintu. Halliday, wahuye n’umugabo wo muri Eritereya ufite imyaka 40, avuga ko akumbuye umurima we ndetse n’umuryango we kandi ko “azasubira muri Afurika”, ariko akerekana ko “benshi [bimukira ] barimo kwitiranya niba bagiye no kuguma mu Rwanda, cyangwa bagiye gutunganywa ”.

kwambuka mu BwongerezaAhanini, nubwo, “hari ubwoba rusange, bwuzuye urubura rw’u Rwanda rudahwitse ku burenganzira bwa muntu, ndetse n’icyo ibyo bishobora gusobanura ku mpunzi zoherezwa aho”, ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Clare Moseley, washinze Care4Calais, asubiramo abimukira bavugiye mu nkambi. Umugabo umwe yabisobanuye agira ati: ” U Rwanda rufite amateka mabi ya jenoside ‘. Undi yagize ati: ‘Niba Ubwongereza busunitse abantu aho bizikuba kabiri abaturage kandi ntibazashobora kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze.’ ‘Ndetse n’abantu bo mu Rwanda baragenda kuko ari ahantu habi ho kuba.’

Kuri iki cyumweru, usaba ubuhungiro muri Afuganisitani, Taraki, ufite imyaka 18, avuga ko inshuti zatewe ubwoba zimaze guhungira muri Repubulika ya Irilande kugira ngo birinde koherezwa mu Rwanda. Ati: “Bambajije niba nifuza kugenda ariko nta mafaranga nari mfite”, yibuka cyane urugendo rwe rw’ihungabana rwo kugera mu Bwongereza – harimo n’abagize umuryango barashwe mu gitero cy’abakekwaho kuba Abatalibani ndetse n’incuti eshatu bari muri 27 wapfiriye mu Muyoboro mu Gushyingo gushize. Yageze mu Bwongereza amahoro mu bwato muri Mutarama ariko avuga ko aryamye amasaha atatu gusa mu ijoro kuva gahunda y’u Rwanda yatangazwa. Ati: “Nishimiye hano, ariko kuva u Rwanda rutangazwa mfite ubwoba bwinshi. Ni nk’inzozi gukina umupira w’amaguru hano, kujya muri kaminuza no kwiga icyongereza. ”


Madeleine Skipsey, umuyobozi w’umuryango w’abakorerabushake bisi y’impunzi, avuga ko icyifuzo cy’u Rwanda “kibi kuri buri rwego”, agaragaza ko atari ikibazo cy’abimukira, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo cy’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Ati: “Abantu bashaka umutekano, mbere na mbere, ni abantu. Bakwiriye kwakirwa no gufatwa neza ”. Lachlan Macrae, ufite imyaka 21, umukorerabushake muri Calais uva mu majyaruguru ya London, arabyemera. Agira ati: “Ntabwo bitangaje kumva Boris Johnson na Priti Patel bavuga nkaho bitaye kuri buri muntu muri bo.” Ati: “Iyo babikora, ntibari gushyira mu bikorwa iyi politiki – bari gufungura ibigo by’ubuhungiro muri Calais.”

Halliday avuga ko abimukira bose (cyane cyane abagabo) we na bagenzi be bavuganye muri Calais batishimiye cyane gahunda yu Rwanda, nubwo benshi bashidikanya ko ishyirwaho, babona ko ari iterabwoba aho kuba ikintu abongereza bifuzaga. Ati: “Muri rusange ni iyindi mu murongo muremure wa politiki yo gukumira yatangajwe n’iyi guverinoma mu myaka mike ishize. Reka tubitege amaso – bose barananiwe. None se kuki hakwiye gushya? ” yemeye Moseley.

Abari hasi muri Calais bavuga ko abimukira benshi bemeza ko ari Abanyafurika gusa bazoherezwa mu Rwanda. Umugabo ukomoka muri Irani ya Kurdistan aherutse kugera i Kent ati: “Mvuye muri Irani – guverinoma, ntibazatwohereza muri Afurika… Abanyafurika gusa.”
mu Bwongereza
Abanyafurika ubwabo bavuga ko ubwoba bwo koherezwa mu Rwanda ari ukuri kandi bikabije. Mu Banyafrika 22 bimukiye mu bwato i Kent umunsi umwe w’uku kwezi, bose bavuze ko bahitamo kwiyahura aho kujyanwa mu Rwanda. Ati: “Niba banyohereje mu Rwanda, ntabwo nzajya. Nzapfira hano, nzahitana ubuzima bwanjye, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Jemal wimukiye muri Eritereya ageze ku nkombe. Undi mugabo ukomoka muri Sudani yagize ati: “100%, abantu bazahitana ubuzima bwabo bonyine … bazamuka ku misozi [ku bitare] hano, bamwe bazajya muri gari ya moshi, ku nyanja, ahantu hose.”

Moseley avuga ko kuba benshi mu bimukira bagifite ubushake bwo guhura n’ingendo mu Bwongereza bitagomba kwibeshya nk’ikimenyetso bifuza koherezwa mu Rwanda. Ahubwo, ivuga gusa amahano bagomba guhunga no kwiheba kwabo kugirango bakore mubwongereza, uko byagenda kose. Yabisobanuye agira ati: “Nta kundi babigenza: bahunze akaga bakoze ingendo ndende, ziteye akaga, kandi Ubufaransa ‘ntibuguha umutekano’, nk’uko umwe yabivuze.” icyumweru. Ati: “Impunzi zatorotse amahano akomeye kuri iyi si. Iyo uri mu kaga ubuzima bwawe, ni iki kindi ugomba gutakaza? Iyo umuntu asobanuye ‘n’urupfu ntirwambuza’ agerageza kugera mu Bwongereza, biragaragara ko n’iterabwoba ry’u Rwanda ntacyo bizahindura. ”

Marisa Rickard, umukozi w’ubutabazi ukomoka muri Dover ushinzwe ibikorwa by’urukundo Care4Humanity, arabyemera. “Tugomba kwagura lens no kubaza ibibazo – ntabwo ‘Kuki baza ku nkombe zacu?’, Ariko ‘Niki kandi bahunga nde? Tugomba kwibaza impamvu impunzi yizera magendu kuruta abayobozi ”, agira ati: Audrey * w’imyaka 73, uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru kugira ngo agendere mu gitondo kuri pierre ya Dover, avuga ko nta gisubizo afite ku “byago” bibera ku nkombe z’umuyaga wahuhije umuyaga buri mpeshyi. Yumva neza gahunda yu Rwanda, “ariko se twohereza iki [abo bantu]?”.

Hariho inzira nyinshi kandi nyinshi ziva ahantu Dunkirk kugirango wirinde kumenyekana – ibi bizagutera akaga gakomeye nububabare

David avuga ko ashidikanya ku mibare ya Care4Calais ko 75 ku ijana by’abimukira bazakomeza kwambuka. Avuga ko yabonye “igabanuka rikomeye kandi rigaragara” mu mubare w’abantu bagera ku kugaburira ibiryo muri Calais kuva amakuru y’u Rwanda akibaza niba ubushakashatsi rero buzarushaho gukomera ku bumva bafite icyizere cyo kwambuka. Agira ati: “Kubera impamvu zumvikana, abantu rwose bafite ubwoba kandi bahangayikishijwe no gutorwa.”

Macrae arabyemera avuga ko amashyirahamwe yo muri Calais afite impungenge ko politiki itazahagarika kwambuka, bizatuma abimukira bashobora gufata inzira ndende kandi ziteje akaga kandi bakarwanya guhamagara inkombe. Agira ati: “Hariho inzira nyinshi kandi nyinshi ziva ahantu Dunkirk kugira ngo tutamenyekana.”

Raporo y’iki cyumweru igaragaza ko kutizerana kw’abayobozi bimaze kugera hakurya y’Umuyoboro, aho Croix-Rouge y’Ubwongereza hamwe n’Inama ishinzwe Impunzi baburira ko abasaba ubuhunzi bahitamo kudasaba ubufasha bw’umubiri ndetse n’imitekerereze yabo kubera ko batinya ko NHS izabikora. ohereza ibisobanuro byabo kubiro byo murugo. David agira ati: “Biragaragara ko ibi bitera akaga gakomeye n’imibabaro myinshi kandi amaherezo bikaba bishobora guhitana ubuzima bw’abantu.”
kwambuka mu Bwongereza
Abakorerabushake b’Abongereza bafasha Abimukira kwambukiranya Calais

Kuri Moseley na benshi muri bagenzi be bitangiye kuri politiki yibumoso, kuba gahunda y’u Rwanda ya Guverinoma y’Abagumyabanga yaratangajwe mu gihe cy’impunzi zo muri Ukraine byiyongera gusa ku nzovu iri mu cyumba kivugwa hirya no hino mu nkambi ziri mu majyaruguru y’Ubufaransa: “Kuki? iyi [gahunda yu Rwanda] ireba gusa impunzi zitari abazungu? ” arabaza.

Minisitiri w’ibiro by’imbere mu gihugu, Daniel Hobbs yemeye mu cyumweru gishize ko impunzi zidafite ibyangombwa zihunga intambara muri Ukraine zishobora gutekerezwa kuvanwa mu Rwanda, ariko Moseley agaragaza ko ibyo Abanyakanada bafite ku bimukira bahunga ibindi bihugu by’intambara nka Eritereya ari byo gusaba viza. Agira ati: “Intambara itangiye muri Ukraine twabonye ubwiyongere bw’Abanyakanani muri Calais.” Ati: “Noneho ibyo ntibikibaho ukundi. Kuki? Kuberako barashobora gusaba viza aho ariho hose. Kuberako niba hari inzira itekanye abantu barayifata. Ntabwo tubona abanya Ukraine bishyura abantu magendu kandi ntitubona abanya Ukraine binjira mumato mato. Kuki? Kubera ko inzira itekanye ikuraho icyitegererezo cy’abantu ba magendu kandi ikarokora ubuzima … Abongereza bakiriye neza abanya Ukraine bahunga intambara ni ikimenyetso cyerekana impuhwe zacu ku mpunzi. ”

Impaka zijyanye no gukemura ibibazo byimuka byimuka biragenda bigorana. Cooper yizera ko igisubizo kibiri: “guhashya umutekano ukwiye ku gatsiko no gukorana neza n’Ubufaransa n’abandi kugira ngo bahagarike amato mbere – ariko ibyo ntibikibaho neza. Hagati aho, gufata ibyemezo by’ubuhunzi byasenyutse rwose, kimwe cya kabiri gusa ni byo byafashwe ubu nko mu myaka itanu ishize “.
kwambuka mu Bwongereza

Benshi bahangayikishijwe nuko Ubwongereza budashobora kwihanganira gufata umubare w’abasaba ubuhunzi ugenda wiyongera ku nkombe za Kent. Ariko Moseley yerekana ko ibyumweru bishize ari gihamya ko abantu bazakora urugendo bambuka Umuyoboro batitaye, bityo we na benshi mubakozi bashinzwe ubutabazi barahamagarira ibyo bemeza ko aricyo gisubizo cyizewe kandi kiboneye: inzira zizewe zimpunzi zambuka Umuyoboro, nk’ibigo by’ubuhungiro muri Calais bityo abasaba ubuhunzi ntibagomba kwambuka Umuyoboro ngo basabe ubuhungiro mu Bwongereza. Asobanura agira ati: “Ibyo byatuma abantu ba magendu bava mu bucuruzi bagakiza ubuzima.” Ati: “Kuberako ubungubu – keretse niba uri Ukraine – nta kuntu umutekano wimpunzi wagera muri Amerika ugasaba ubuhungiro.”

Kugeza igihe ibyo bizabera, we, Cooper hamwe nabakorerabushake be barabizi neza: ubwato buzakomeza kuza – kandi hamwe nabo, gutakaza ubuzima bubi byanze bikunze bizanwa nubwato buto cyane, butagaragara buremerwa nabantu. Bibaho igihe cyose habaye umuyaga mwinyanja cyangwa muri koridoro ya Westminster, abaturage basobanura: inyanja iryamye ubusa kuri bike, noneho ni ubucuruzi nkuko bisanzwe kubantu ba magendu nabakiriya babo bihebye.

Ni kangahe ibi bizabaho, abaza Moseley. Ati: “Niba iyi Guverinoma ishaka rwose guhagarika abantu ba magendu, bari kwemerera impunzi zose zo muri Calais gusaba viza, nk’uko babigiriye Abanyakanada. Ikibazo rero, ni ukubera iki ubu buryo buhendutse, bworoshye kandi burenze ubumuntu butigeze busuzumwa? Byose biterwa n’intego ya Guverinoma: ni ugukura abantu magendu mu bucuruzi – cyangwa ikindi kintu? ”

* Amazina yarahinduwe kugirango arinde indangamuntu

Rwanda